Bitcoin BIP-110 Controversy Linked to Proof-of-Work Hard Fork

The Bitcoin BIP-110 controversy has intensified in conjunction with attempts at a BLAKE2b proof-of-work hard fork. The core issue is whether BIP-110 represents a change to the proof-of-work mechanism or a separate branching attempt following a soft fork for data limitations. The official BIP-110 document in the bitcoin/bips repository is titled 'Reduced Data Temporary Softfork' and is scheduled for December 3, 2025. It includes restrictions such as a scriptPubKey limit exceeding 34 bytes, an OP_RETURN limit exceeding 83 bytes, and a data push limit exceeding 256 bytes. The original BIP-110 document does not contain any changes to the proof-of-work algorithm, and btc-blake2b.org describes it as a 'proof-of-work hard fork inspired by BIP-110.' The activation cap for the BIP-110 document is noted to be at block height 965664, approximately September 1, 2026, and there was a debate on the Bitcoin developer mailing list regarding chain branching and mining cessation on August 9. Supporter nodes of BIP-110 split from the main network at block height 961632, and as of the time of reporting, the BIP-110 chain has only produced two new blocks, trailing the main chain by seven blocks. Concerns about replay attacks have also been raised, which can occur in chains where transaction histories are shared. As BIP-110 supporters discuss the hard fork, fears of replay attacks between the two networks have increased. The economic usability of the branching chain is deemed more important than changes to the consensus rules of the Bitcoin main chain.

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